Evaluation of the Effect of Copper Slag on the Improvement of the Properties of Pervious Concrete

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Prof., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In recent years, a large number of researches in the field of pervious concrete pavement have been done because of major environmental benefits. The existence of void space in pavements reduces their strength and durability. This problem causes these pavements to be used in some places with low traffic volumes such as sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and residential roads. In this kind of concrete, aggregates play a key role regarding its performance, so using aggregates with suitable properties in concrete, improves its performance. Copper slag is a by-product resulting from the production of copper metal. Using this production in concrete can be considered as an appropriate solution for its environmental problems. In addition, it can improve the performance of concrete mixtures. In this research, the effects of copper slag on some physical characteristics of concretes have been investigated and analyzed.
In this research, two types of aggregates of dolomite and copper slag were used, crushed copper slag gradually was replaced by coarse aggregates of the mixture. Totally seven main mix designs were used with 0 to 100 percent of copper slag. In order to analyze the effect of this aggregate on the performance of pervious concrete, the physical and mechanical properties of these mixtures were investigated. The results indicated that using crushed copper slag causes the unit weight of concrete to be increased because of high specific gravity of copper slag. Also, by gradually replacing of copper slag, void ratio and permeability are increasing due to apparent characteristics and low absorption copper slag than dolomite aggregate. Moreover, the results of compressive, flexural and split-tensile strength tests showed that Adding copper slag has improved this properties and the C60 has the highest increase in comparison with control mix design.

Keywords

References

Al-Jabri, K. S., Hisada, M., Al-Oraimi, S. K. and Al-Saidy, A. H. 2009. “Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concrete”. Cement Concrete Compos., 31(7): 483-488.
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 522. 2010. “Report on pervious concrete. ACI 522R-10”. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
ASTM C39. 2004. “Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens”. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 8 p.
ASTM C192/C192M-07. 2007. “Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory”. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 8 p.
ASTM C496. 2004. “Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens”. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 8 p.
ASTM C 618e15. 2005. “Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete”. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 8 p.
ASTM C 1688. 2010. “Fresh concrete density (unit weight) and void content”. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA,. 8 p.
Behnood, A. 2005. “Effects of high temperatures on the high-strength concretes incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate”. Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Utilization of High-Strength/Performance Concrete, Washington, DC, USA.
BS EN12390-3. 2003. “Testing hardened concrete- Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens”. 18 p.
Chandrappa, A. K. and Biligiri, K. P. 2016. “Pervious concrete as a sustainable pavement material– Research findings and future prospects: A state-of-the-art review”. Constr. Build. Mater., 111: 262-274.
Chindaprasirt, P., Hatanaka, S., Chareerat, T., Mishima, N.  and Yuasa, Y.  2008. “Cement paste characteristics and porous concrete properties”. Constr. Build. Mater., 22(5):  894-901.
Ćosić, K., Korat, L., Ducman, V. and Netinger, I. 2015. “Influence of aggregate type and size on properties of pervious concrete”. Constr. Build. Mater., 78: 69-76.
Daniel, C., Shelton, J. and Jebadurai, V. S.  2016. “Studies on strength properties of self compacting concrete with copper slag as fine aggregate for M25 grade”. Int. J. Res Eng. Technol., 5(2): 74-78.
Giustozzi, F. 2016. “Polymer-modified pervious concrete for durable and sustainable transportation infrastructures”. Constr. Build. Mater., 111: 502-512.
Gorai, B. and Jana, R.  2003. “Characteristics and utilisation of copper slag- A review”. Resour., Conserv. Recy., 39(4): 299-313.
Guo, Y. 2003. “Investigations on the use of industrial wastes in cement production”. Arid Environ. Monit., 17(3): 177-179.
Ibrahim, H. A. and Abdul Razak, H. 2016. “Effect of palm oil clinker incorporation on properties of pervious concrete”. Constr. Build. Mater., 115: 70-77.
Kevern, J. T., Wang, K. and Schaefer, V. R. 2009. “Effect of coarse aggregate on the freeze-thaw durability of pervious concrete”. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 22(5): 469-475.
Kevern, J., Biddle, D. and Cao, Q. 2014. “Effects of macrosynthetic fibers on pervious concrete properties”. J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 27(9): 06014031.
Khanzadi, M. and Behnood, A. 2009. “Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate”. Constr. Build. Mater., 23(6): 2183-2188.
Martin, W. D. and Putman, B. J. 2016. “Comparison of methods for measuring porosity of porous paving mixtures”. Constr. Build. Mater., 125: 299-305.
Montes, F., Valavala, S. and Haselbach L. M. 2005. “A new test method for porosity measurements of Portland cement pervious concrete”. J. ASTM Int., 2(1): 1-13.
Moura, W., Masuero, A., Dal Molin, D. and Vilela, A. 1999. “Concrete performance with admixtures of electrical steel slag and copper concerning mechanical properties”. 2nd CANMET/ACI International Conference, SP 186, pp. 81-100.
Sata, V., Wongsa, A. and Chindaprasirt, P. 2013. “Properties of pervious geopolymer concrete using recycled aggregates”. Constr. Build. Mater., 42: 33-39.
Sharma, R. and Khan, R. A. 2017. “Durability assessment of self compacting concrete incorporating copper slag as fine aggregates”. Constr. Build. Mater., 155: 617-629.
Sharma, R. and Khan, R. A. 2018. “Influence of copper slag and metakaolin on the durability of self compacting concrete”. J. Clean. Prod., 171: 1171-1186.
Shi, C., Meyer, C. and Behnood, A. 2008. “Utilization of copper slag in cement and concrete”. Resour., Conserv. Recy., 52(10): 1115-1120.
Shirgir, B., Hassani,A. and Khodadadi, A. 2011. “Experimental study on permeability and mechanical properties of nanomodified porous concrete”. Transport. Res. Record: J. Transport. Res. Board, 2240: 30-35.
Tennis, P. D., Leming, M. L. and Akers, D. J. 2004. “Pervious concrete pavements”. Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, and National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Wu, W., Zhang, W. and Ma, G. 2010. “Optimum content of copper slag as a fine aggregate in high strength concrete”. Mater. Design, 31(6): 2878-2883.
Xu, G., Shen, W., Huo, X., Yang, Z., Wang, J., Zhang, W. and Ji, X. 2018. “Investigation on the properties of porous concrete as road base material”. Constr. Build. Mater., 158: 141-148.
Yeih, W., Fu, T. C., Chang, J. J. and Huang, R. 2015. “Properties of pervious concrete made with air-cooling electric arc furnace slag as aggregates”. Constr. Build. Mater., 93: 737-745.
Zaetang, Y., Wongsa, A., Sata, V. and Chindaprasirt, P. 2013. “Use of lightweight aggregates in pervious concrete”. Constr. Build. Mater., 48: 585-591.
Zaetang, Y., Sata, V., Wongsa, A., Chindaprasirt, P., 2016. Properties of pervious concrete containing recycled concrete block aggregate and recycled concrete aggregate. Constr. Build. Mater. 111, 15–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.060
Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Yan, C. and Liu, Y. 2017. “Influence of crushing index on properties of recycled aggregates pervious concrete”. Constr. Build. Mater., 135: 112-118.
Journal of Transportation Infrastructure Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 16
February 2019
Pages 53-70

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 April 2018
  • Revise Date: 15 August 2018
  • Accept Date: 02 September 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics